Red River IPM Update - Soybean Aphid, A New Insect Pest In Minnesota Soybeans
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A new imported insect pest of soybeans has been reported in a number of states, including Minnesota. The Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines, is from Asia, where it has been reported overwintering as far north as Siberia. This may indicate this species could become a problem in the Red River Valley. However, it would require the appropriate overwintering conditions, including a suitable overwintering plant host. It appears the Soybean Aphid is restricted to SE Minnesota; extensive fall surveys failed to show any populations in the Red River Valley.
Soybean aphids are small aphids, pale yellow to green, and they are likely to be the only aphid you’ll find on soybeans. Soybean aphids are capable of causing severe decreases in growth and seed production but more importantly are disease vectors in soybeans, vectoring a number of viral diseases including soybean mosaic. Optimum conditions for A. glycines is 22C-25C with a relative humidity less than 78%.
It is important to note that this insect is not yet present in the Red River Valley. Surveys for soybean aphid will, however, continue next season in this area. In addition, the University of Minnesota department of Entomology, in cooperation with the Minnesota Department of Agriculture, USDA-APHIS, and a number of other government and non-government agencies are planning research and extension programs for the upcoming winter and following growing season. Currently, a variety research programs including examining the potential distribution of this pest in Minnesota, and potential control measures are being initiated.
Ian MacRae
Asst. Prof. & Ext. Entomologist
Dept. of Entomology
University of Minnesota
Northwest Research & Outreach Center
Crookston, MN